The DEA just announced with great hoopla the arrest of a bunch of people across the country in a methamphetamine crackdown. They estimate the group of people moved about 50 pounds of meth every month and about 3000 pounds of cocaine a month. Hmmm... Why aren't they touting the cocaine figures? Think they missed some folks? They (the DEA) calculate that 545 grams of meth crystals correlates to one pound of 'product'. There are 453.59237 grams in a pound and add to that the fact that drug dealers are notorious for 'cutting' their product with inert ingredients. Maybe we should find out where all this missing meth is - or perhaps we should send our DEA agents back to school.
Oh, here's a blast from the past...
I found an old copy of mosaic and installed it. After making attempts at about thirty different primitive web sites, I finally found
one that didn't crash the program outright. Thank goodness for w3.org - about the only place on the web that's still viewable on an eleven year old web browser. Remember this is pre-frames, no text colors except black and blue, no background but grey. No animations. No multiple columns. No CSS. No javascript. Tables were still pretty buggy. About the only things you could rely on were paragraphs, lists, links, and GIF's (provided you kept the colormap to less than 218).
And if that weren't enough...
Yup, that's "Mosaic Communications" Netscape version 0.9 BETA. It doesn't load much more than mosaic. It won't load w3.org at all because it's aware of utf-8 and knows it can't handle it. Mosaic just ignores the utf-8 directive entirely.
I can still recall the very first beta of NCSA mosaic. A guy named Marc Andreessen posted a message in the comp.infosystems USENET forums. Called it a graphical WWW browser. They had binaries for 9 or 10 operating systems prebuilt on the NCSA public FTP site - which they also cross-posted to the alt.binaries group. I was skeptical, but being a geek and in charge of the computers for the Stanford Med School information systems research group - I had to check it out. Hopefully it was better than the sample code from the guys at CERN. They (CERN) had something that read hypertext pages and followed links. On a text terminal. I had been using gopher - which was a competing technology. I had been involved in extending gopher to display things like pictures - which each showed up in a separate window. I had also exchanged a lot of email with Marc and others on the limitations of gopher images and data types. I had just finished integrating gopher with WAIS, a text search system from Thinking Machines, Inc. It was a painful integration.
So I gave mosaic a try. Nobody posted binaries for ten operating systems unless it was commercial software with fees and unlock codes. But this was free - university software. Unheard of at the time. I ran it - on an 'X' terminal. The first page I tried looked like a newspaper. Pictures, text. Links. My jaw dropped. Anywhere you clicked you went to another page with pictures and text and links. One of the universities had written HTML pages for their art museum. You could go to the gopher pages as well - and the pictures came up in the same window. No more popup windows! (Right.) There was one thought going through my brain - the entire world just changed.
By mid-afternoon I had installed mosaic on every machine in the lab. I sent out a group email - you've got to try this thing. By the next day, everybody was surfing the web. We frantically wrote web pages. Within two weeks, the number of hits on our gopher server went from thousands a day to
zero. The number of hits on the HTTP server (which I had installed a month or two earlier) went from zero to thousands.
About a month earlier I had given a talk to my colleagues on the future of information systems. Gopher, I said, was easy to catalogue information. That's why I was working with the developers. If you pointed a gopher server at a filesystem directory, it would serve up the information to the internet. But the developers were short-sighted. The protocol didn't anticipate the needs of information groups such as ours with vast stores of information resources of many different types. The future, I said, was in the technology coming out of the CERN labs - they called it the World Wide Web. The drawbacks were that somebody actually had to write pages containing hypertext in the HTML language, which would involve paying humans to type. But on the plus side, there were no limits to the types of information you could provide access to. HTTP, gopher, FTP, usenet, email, and no restrictions on search and media formats. I told my colleagues that a few years from now, gopher will be gone. WWW will rule.
They were skeptical. Who in their right mind would pay people to learn how to type HTML documents? It's a computer language. Software developers aren't very good at typing readable documentation. Documentation writers don't have the technical background to write computer code. This WWW thing would require an entirely new job description. Where are these people going to come from?